Alpine flora and fauna

Mountains cover two thirds of Switzerland's surface area. From scorching to freezing temperatures, from poor to lush vegetation, from very dry to very wet climates: mountains are Mother Nature's treasure trove. They are also home to many animals and plants which have adapted well to the rather hostile conditions.

The Swiss mountains are home to an extraordinary variety of animal and plant species.
The Swiss mountains are home to an extraordinary variety of animal and plant species. © FOEN, Markus Bolliger

Alpine environments provide a sanctuary for many rare animal and plant species and embody the diverse beauty of nature. They are a unique wildlife habitat.

Many alpine species disappeared or almost disappeared at the beginning of the 20th century due to human exploitation and hunting, but some species such as the ibex, chamois and bearded vulture were reintroduced.

Switzerland is committed to preserving the biodiversity of its mountains and shares its expertise in cooperation projects. In this way, the country uses its experience of tackling social, economic and environmental issues for the benefit of other mountain communities.